BIM-Based Quantity Takeoff for Stage-Based Payment in High-Rise Construction: A Semi-Automation Approach

Abstract

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is increasingly used to support quantity takeoff (QTO), yet commercial BIM tools remain limited to whole-element quantification, preventing the extraction of staged or partial quantities required for progress-based payment under unit-price contracts. This limitation is particularly critical in high-rise reinforced concrete projects, where structural components are executed in multiple pours across distinct contractual stages. This study addresses this gap by developing and validating a semi-automated workflow that enables stage-based QTO through element segmentation, contract-aware parameterization, and parameter-filtered scheduling. Using a real high-rise residential building in Vietnam, the workflow was applied to restructure the design-phase model into a stage-aware quantity model in which each BIM element corresponds to a single payment unit. The results demonstrate that the workflow can systematically generate contract-aligned staged quantities for columns, beams, slabs, and walls with high traceability and minimal deviation from manual QTO. The findings highlight the importance of combining geometric restructuring and information enrichment to overcome BIM’s native whole-element logic. The study contributes a reproducible operational workflow suitable for developing BIM environments, offering a practical pathway for integrating BIM-derived staged quantities into progress-payment administration. Future work may further automate segmentation and integrate the workflow with 4D and reality-capture tools to enhance construction-phase verification.