Integrasi Kemahiran Kepimpinan dan Pengurusan dalam Kurikulum TVET bagi Memperkasa Pelajar Menghadapi Cabaran Kerjaya dalam Industri

Integration of Leadership and Management Skills in the TVET Curriculum to Empower Students to Face Career Challenges in Industry

Abstract

Malay:

Integrasi kemahiran kepimpinan dan pengurusan dalam kurikulum Pendidikan dan Latihan Teknikal dan Vokasional (TVET) bagi mempersiapkan pelajar menghadapi cabaran kerjaya dalam industri kontemporari. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap pelbagai kajian lepas, artikel ini mengetengahkan bahawa graduan TVET bukan sahaja memerlukan kemahiran teknikal, tetapi juga kompetensi kepimpinan, pengurusan projek, dan kebolehan interpersonal untuk berdaya saing dalam pasaran kerja yang dinamik. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa pendekatan seperti pembelajaran berasaskan projek, kerjasama industri, dan pembangunan kemahiran insaniah melalui aktiviti kokurikulum dapat meningkatkan kebolehpasaran pelajar. Namun, pelaksanaannya menghadapi cabaran seperti kekurangan tenaga pengajar terlatih dan kurikulum yang terlalu berorientasikan kemahiran teknikal. Artikel ini mencadangkan kerangka holistik yang menggabungkan elemen kepimpinan transformasional, pengurusan kualiti, dan kolaborasi industri untuk memperkukuh sistem TVET. Dapatan kajian menyarankan bahawa transformasi kurikulum TVET yang menyepadukan kemahiran kepimpinan dan pengurusan adalah penting bagi melahirkan graduan yang lebih adaptif, inovatif, dan bersedia memenuhi keperluan industri abad ke-21.

English:

The integration of leadership and management skills into the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) curriculum is essential to prepare students to face career challenges in the contemporary industry. Based on an analysis of various previous studies, this article highlights that TVET graduates require not only technical skills but also leadership competencies, project management skills, and interpersonal abilities to remain competitive in a dynamic labor market. Research shows that approaches such as project-based learning, industry collaboration, and the development of soft skills through cocurricular activities can enhance students’ employability. However, implementation faces challenges such as a shortage of trained instructors and curricula that are overly oriented toward technical skills. This article proposes a holistic framework that integrates elements of transformational leadership, quality management, and industry collaboration to strengthen the TVET system. The findings suggest that transforming the TVET curriculum by integrating leadership and management skills is crucial for producing graduates who are more adaptive, innovative, and ready to meet the demands of 21st-century industries.